观点 (Points of View)

《观点》是英国著名作家、"故事圣手"毛姆生前出版的最后一部文集，这既是一部精彩迭出的随笔集，同时也是一部知人论世、体贴入微的文学评论集，涉及的人物和主题从大诗人歌德的小说到一位印度教圣哲的精神修为和人生故事，从法国三位以日记闻名于世的作家的自我中心和尖酸刻薄到英国神学家兼大主教蒂乐生的宽厚仁慈及其平实自然的文体，特别是通过对他赞赏的爱伦坡、吉卜林，尤其是莫泊桑、契诃夫和曼斯菲尔德等几位短篇小说大师人生经历与艺术特色的解读，对于短篇小说这一他本人也是当行大师的文学样式进行了一番精彩而又深入的探讨和剖析。毛姆以其塑造小说人物的洞察力和讲故事圣手的高超技巧，活画出一组组不同时代、不同国度、不同领域的文人形象，进而深入到他们的文学世界和内心灵魂，最终打通的是普遍的人性和人心——从"文心"到"人心"，人同此心，心同此理，这也可以看作毛姆一生不变的终极"观点"。(Points of View is one of the last collected works of British famous writer, "story divine physician" Maugham, it is a wonderful essay but also a considerate literary essay with comments on people and the world, the figures and themes it involves from the novel of poet Goethe to the spiritual practice and life story of a Hinduism saint, from the egoism and sarcastic ridicule of three well-known French writers to lenience and natural literary form of British theologian and archbishop Tiffany losheng, especially though reading the life experience and artistic characteristics of several short story great masters such as Maupassant, Chekhov and Mansfield to deeply discuss and analyze the literature style of short story which he was good at. Maugham described groups of literati images in different ages, countries and fields with insight to create figure of novel and superb skill to tell stories to go deep into their literary world and inner soul, and finally get through general human nature and the heart—from "literary heart" to "human heart", people feel same about the reasonable things, and this can be seen as the ultimate life point of view of Maugham.)